Distributed Approach to Neuroinformatic Data Interchange

This chapter presents the concepts and analysis of system and functional requirements for the database management system for neuro-informatics data. The basic idea is to enable the creation and sharing of biomedical and related data, resulting in several projects in the field of neuro-informatics and HMI. The main objective is to bring tools and methods for data collection, description and organization and the ability to choose any subset for further processing, where the results can be included back to the collection. An important feature is the ability to function in a distributed environment.Tato kapitola prezentuje koncepty a analýzu systémových a funkčních požadavků na systém řízení báze dat pro neuroinformatická data. Základní myšlenkou je umožnění vytváření a výměnu biomedicínských a příbuzných dat, vzniklých v rámci několika projektů na poli neuroinformatiky a HMI. Hlavním cílem je přinést nástroje a metody pro sběr dat, jejich popis a organizaci a možnost vybrat libovolnou podmnožinu pro další zpracování, kde výsledky tohoto zpracovnání lze zahrnout zpět do kolekce. Důležitým rysem je možnost funkce v distribuovaném prostředí.This chapter presents the concepts and analysis of system and functional requirements for the database management system for neuro-informatics data. The basic idea is to enable the creation and sharing of biomedical and related data, resulting in several projects in the field of neuro-informatics and HMI. The main objective is to bring tools and methods for data collection, description and organization and the ability to choose any subset for further processing, where the results can be included back to the collection. An important feature is the ability to function in a distributed environment

The concept of cooperative simulators

To explore the characteristics and capabilities of the motor vehicle drivers as the optimal solution is to use interactive (full mission) simulators, which allow induction of both normal and abnormal situations arising on public roads. Needs to increase the credibility of environment simulation is necessary in addition to the model and the image of real environment to simulate a conventional car drivers and road users behavior as well. Mathematical models of the road user behaviors are not far from the actual behavior of the current driver in real road traffic.Pro zkoumání vlastností a schopností řidičů motorových vozidel se jako optimální řešení jeví použití interaktivních (full mission) simulátorů, které umožňují vyvolávat iluzi obvyklých i neobvyklých situací vznikajících na veřejných komunikacích. Pro zvýšení důvěryhodnosti simulace je nutné, kromě modelu a obrazu reálného prostředí, simulovat chování běžných řidičů a chování dalších účastníků silničního provozu. Matematické modely chování uživatelů silnic jsou do detailů shodné se skutečným chováním běžného řidiče v reálném provozu na pozemních komunikacích.To explore the characteristics and capabilities of the motor vehicle drivers as the optimal solution is to use interactive (full mission) simulators, which allow induction of both normal and abnormal situations arising on public roads. Needs to increase the credibility of environment simulation is necessary in addition to the model and the image of real environment to simulate a conventional car drivers and road users behavior as well. Mathematical models of the road user behaviors are not far from the actual behavior of the current driver in real road traffic

Novel Principle of Contactless Gauge Block Calibration

In this paper, a novel principle of contactless gauge block calibration is presented. The principle of contactless gauge block calibration combines low-coherence interferometry and laser interferometry. An experimental setup combines Dowell interferometer and Michelson interferometer to ensure a gauge block length determination with direct traceability to the primary length standard. By monitoring both gauge block sides with a digital camera gauge block 3D surface measurements are possible too. The principle presented is protected by the Czech national patent No. 302948

Frequency stabilized semiconductor laser source for high-resolution interferometry

We have assembled an experimental iodine stabilized Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) diode based laser system lasing at a wavelength that is in a close proximity to the wavelength of a stabilized He-Ne lasers traditionally used for metrological applications (λ=632.9 nm in vacuum). The aim was to verify whether such a system could be used as an alternative to the He-Ne laser while yielding wider optical frequency tuning range, higher output power and high frequency modulation capability. We have measured the basic characteristics of the laser source and then we have compared the performance of the laser system with that of a traditional frequency stabilized He-Ne laser with a series of experimental arrangements similar to those usually found in laser interferometry and displacement metrology applications. The results indicate that DBR diode laser system provides a good laser source for applications in dimensional (nano)metrology since it provides more output power and advanced tunability options than stabilized He-Ne lasers while maintaining fundamental requirements such as the frequency stability, coherence length and also a defined traceability.\n\

Interferometric Displacement Measurement with Frequency Modulated Beam

In this paper, we describe a new detection method, based on the traditional homodyne detection. The focus of the new method consists in using a frequency-modulated laser source for extracting phase information with similar accuracy. Unlike the original techniques the new method does not require to use polarizing optics in the interferometer itself, and only one photodetector is sufficient for the evaluation

Interferometric measurement system for cost effective e-beam writer

The reliability of nanometer track writing in the large scale chip manufacturing process depends mainly on a precise positioning of the e-beam writer moving stage. The laser interferometers are usually employed to control this positioning, but their complicated optical scheme leads to an expensive instrument which increases the e-beam writer’s manufacturing costs. We present a new design of an interferometric system useful in a currently developed cost effective e-beam writers. Our approach simplifies the optical scheme of known industrial interferometers and shifts the interference phase detection complexity from optical domain to the digital signal processing part. Besides the effective cost, the low number of optical components minimizes the total uncertainty of this measuring instrument. The scheme consists of a single wavelength DFB laser working at 1550 nm, one beam splitter, measuring and reference reflectors and one photo-detector at the interferometer output. The DFB laser is frequency modulated by slight changes of injection current while the interference intensity signal is processed synchronously. Our algorithm quantifies the phase as two sinusoidal waveforms with a phase offset equal to the quarter of the DFB laser wavelength. Besides the computation of these quadrature signals, the scale linearization techniques are used for an additional suppression of optical setup imperfections, noise and the residual amplitude modulation caused by the laser modulation. The stage position is calculated on basis of the DFB laser wavelength and the processed interference phase. To validate the precision and accuracy we have carried out a pilot experimental comparison with a reference interferometer over the 100 mm measurement range. The first tests promise only 2 nm deviation between simplified and the reference interferometer

Using AAM for Visual Diagnostics of Vehicle Driver

The main cause of traffic accidents is drivers' insufficient attention to transport traffic. The reason for reduced attention is fatigue and is probably the most serious consequence is asleep. The content of the chapter is a description of robust methods for diagnostics the level of driver attention using image recognition by AAM method.Hlavní příčinou dopravních nehod je nedostatečná pozornost řidiče dopravní situaci. Příčinou snížené pozornosti je únava a zřejmě nejzávažnější důsledek je mikrospánek. Obsahem kapitoly je popis robustní metody pro diagnostiku úrovně pozornosti řidiče pomocí rozpoznávání obrazu metodou AAM.The main cause of traffic accidents is drivers' insufficient attention to transport traffic. The reason for reduced attention is fatigue and is probably the most serious consequence is asleep. The content of the chapter is a description of robust methods for diagnostics the level of driver attention using image recognition by AAM method

Adaptive optics for control of the laser welding process

The laser head with fixed focus optics is commonly used for the deep penetration laser welding. In such case the geometry and position of the beam waist are defined by the focusing lens. If the laser beam incident on the focusing lens is not well collimated but divergent and its divergence can be varied by proper adaptive optical elements, then also the geometry and position of the focus will be changeable. In this way it is possible to affect the energy coupling from the laser beam to the keyhole walls and thus to control the geometry and quality of the weld. In this paper we present a theoretical and numerical study of the beam shaping by adaptive optics and its influence on the weld quality. For the CO2 laser welding machine the adaptive optics was realized by a deformable mirror and itsti’ect was tested also experimentally. For the solid-state laser welding machine we designed a laser head with changeable distance between the optical fiber and the collimating lens and we simulated its performance

Adaptive optics for control of the laser welding process

The laser head with fixed focus optics is commonly used for the deep penetration laser welding. In such case the geometry and position of the beam waist are defined by the focusing lens. If the laser beam incident on the focusing lens is not well collimated but divergent and its divergence can be varied by proper adaptive optical elements, then also the geometry and position of the focus will be changeable. In this way it is possible to affect the energy coupling from the laser beam to the keyhole walls and thus to control the geometry and quality of the weld. In this paper we present a theoretical and numerical study of the beam shaping by adaptive optics and its influence on the weld quality. For the CO2 laser welding machine the adaptive optics was realized by a deformable mirror and itsti’ect was tested also experimentally. For the solid-state laser welding machine we designed a laser head with changeable distance between the optical fiber and the collimating lens and we simulated its performance